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The Number One Strategy for Crushing Medical School Interviews

Google had a problem. As a 2012 New York Times article described it, Google executives were growing increasingly aware that they were not hiring enough women. Worse still, they were attracting negative attention about it. So, Google did what Google does best: They amassed data and mined it.

In their analysis, among other findings, Google concluded that the company was overlooking women who tended to be more modest than comparable male applicants during interviews. The interviewers inappropriately perceived the women applicants to be less accomplished, and the candidates were not offered jobs. (Once they understood the problem, Google reported that they altered their internal hiring policies, accordingly.) 

This story is instructive in understanding the importance of how to approach your medical school interview: I call it, Let Your Story Show Your Glory.

Let’s start with this overarching strategy, one that can be gleaned from the Google story: The interview process is a persuasive one. Your role is to convince medical schools you deserve a slot at their institutions. The best way to persuade is with facts, just like a lawyer does when s/he is trying a case in front of a judge. Saying you are compassionate or hardworking is not convincing, and it doesn’t distinguish you from the scores of other candidates the interviewer is meeting. You need to prove your worth by highlighting your academic, clinical, research, community service, leadership, international, and teaching achievements.

When mentoring applicants, I hear them ask: Michelle, if I showcase my accomplishments in my interview, doesn’t that mean I’m being redundant? My answer: Absolutely! Think of the medical admissions process like building a house. Your AMCAS® and letters serve as one layer of that house – like scaffolding. In other words, your accomplishments are conveyed simply and succinctly there. The personal statement is your opportunity to apply a thicker layer, one in which you flesh out your achievements, thus persuading the reader of your distinctiveness (plumbing, pipes, electrical). Finally, the interview is your chance to add on the thickest peel (exterior, roof). Discussing your accomplishments in detail can seal the interviewer’s positive impression of you. 

If you still feel shy about drawing attention to your achievements, I can assure you that occasionally, interviewers do not leave adequate time to review materials for the candidates they will ultimately judge, or they are asked to interview such a large number of applicants that they might understandably get candidates confused. If you treat every interview as though it were a “blind” one, you address these obstacles. Determine in advance how you want your interviewers to remember you when they represent you to the committee, and tailor your interview to leave that impression. At the end of the week, when your interviewer asks what others thought of the “young woman who volunteered with Mother Teresa while doing malaria research and competitive hammer-throwing,” all the other admissions officers will know immediately she is referring to you.

Remember: You can say you are smart or caring or that you want to heal the world, but to admissions committees (who don’t know you like your grandmother does), who you are is what you’ve done…and what traits and skills you’ve gained accordingly.

[A version of this blog was previously published on the Varsity Tutors website, where I was part of their Admissions Expert Series.]

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Medical Student and Resident Mistreatment is Pervasive

When I was in my second year of medical school, a third-year student (who later also went into emergency medicine, as I did) came to speak to our class about being on the wards. He gave an animated talk about how important it was to recognize that when residents, attendings, or nurses hollered at us on our clinical rotations, 99% of the time, it wasn’t something we were truly being targeted for: He likened the situation to Boston traffic – how drivers lean on their horns for little cause because they are simply frustrated about their days.

It’s not personal, he said.

When I got to my clerkships, I was dismayed to find that I had underestimated how often I would experience the mistreatment the well-meaning third-year had warned us about. As a medical student, I was berated on numerous occasions for absolutely no logical reason. Residency was worse. The sexism and cruelty was hard to manage, and yet, I had little recourse. 

In a recent piece, AAMC staff writer Stacy Weiner highlighted that, in 2023, at least 38% of US medical students reported having suffered mistreatment and that residents described similar rates. According to the piece, 75% of students and residents don’t report their mistreatment, at least in part because of concerns about retribution. 

The good news is that there are some institutions that are implementing systems to decrease mistreatment, including the University of Colorado School of Medicine and Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey. To its credit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai created an online form to report mistreatment with access from every hospital computer.

Here is the AAMC article with more details about this ubiquitous, critical issue.

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If You’re an IMG, Make Sure to Review this Page

If you’re an international medical graduate (IMG) applying for residency this year, I’d recommend you take a look at the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates® (ECFMG) ERAS Support for Residency main page. There, you can find eligibility requirements, an overview of the IMG application process, a timeline, and details regarding which documents ECFMG ERAS Support Services will upload for candidates and what your obligation is regarding those documents.

There’s also technical guidance for your letter of recommendation writers, so you can direct them to online instructions through the Support for Residency main page.

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Check out the NRMP Program Directory for Main Residency Match Applicants

The NRMP® recently launched a directory of residency programs that showcases over 6000 Match-participating PGY-1 and PGY-2 programs. It’s a searchable database that includes locations, program type, and NRMP program codes.

I fiddled with the directory a bit, and I found it most helpful in 1) narrowing down programs by specialty and geography and 2) providing residency director names and program website links.

The NRMP says it will continue to update the database so it remains current.

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“Optional” Secondary Essays: Are They Really?

I’ve recently received several questions about optional secondary essays. How to approach these depends on two things – the prompt itself and your candidacy.

The beauty of a generic “additional comments” section is that it is intentionally vague. It’s your chance to provide details, context, or qualifications that the structure of the application didn’t allow you to present. 

For that reason, if you have a candidacy without any red flags, I lean toward using the “additional comments” space to both highlight who you are and any exceptional aspects of your candidacy that you’d want a reader to know before making an interview decision. One good option in this circumstance is to pick something completely nonmedical that distinguishes you and is nowhere else to be found in your application. Since an interview isn’t guaranteed, don’t save your best material for an in-person meeting. (On the other hand, if you have a large weakness in your candidacy, you usually want to use an optional, generic prompt or a more focused one to gingerly address the issue. See the next paragraph for guidance.)

Sometimes an optional essay is more pointed. An applicant recently forwarded me this prompt: Please describe any extenuating circumstances that may have affected your medical or non-medical service experiences, including any circumstances that impacted your engagement in activities, academics, and MCAT that would have helped to prepare you for medical school. If you have no major deficiencies in your candidacy, there’s no need to write this essay. On the other hand, you should draft a response to this prompt if there’s a big elephant in the room. While, in general, I tell applicants to avoid highlighting standard weaknesses, sometimes someone has a big problem that’s important to address head on. It’s better that you write your own story than let someone else do it.

Bottom line: Optional essays are frequently worth completing because this process is so competitive. And, if you have a big weakness, you should leverage an optional prompt to explain extenuating circumstances.

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About Dr. Michelle Finkel

Dr. Michelle Finkel

Dr. Finkel is a graduate of Stanford University and Harvard Medical School. On completing her residency at Harvard, she was asked to
stay on as faculty at Harvard Medical School and spent five years teaching at the world-renowned Massachusetts General Hospital.
She was appointed to the Assistant Residency Director position for the Harvard Affiliated
Emergency Medicine Residency where she reviewed countless applications, personal statements and resumes. Read more

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